PREVENTION OF POST-VIRAL PULMONARY FIBROSIS IN CHILDREN FOLLOWING VIRAL PNEUMONIA: PATHOGENETIC BASIS, RISK FACTORS, AND CURRENT STRATEGIES — A LITERATURE REVIEW
Keywords:
Pulmonary fibrosis, viral pneumonia, children, post-infectious complications, prevention, SARS-CoV-2, TGF-β, respiratory rehabilitation, literature review.Abstract
This article presents a systematic literature review examining the prevention of post-viral pulmonary fibrosis in children following viral pneumonia. Publications from 2010 to 2024 indexed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were analysed. The review addresses the pathogenetic mechanisms of post-infectious pulmonary fibrosis in the paediatric population, age-specific risk factors, approaches to early detection of fibrotic changes, and the evidence base for pharmacological and non-pharmacological preventive strategies. Particular attention is given to fibrotic outcomes following SARS-CoV-2, influenza, adenovirus, and RSV pneumonias in children. The analysis demonstrates that post-viral pulmonary fibrosis in children constitutes a clinically significant complication of severe viral pneumonia whose prevention requires a proactive multidisciplinary approach integrating vaccination, lung-protective ventilation, early respiratory rehabilitation, and structured follow-up. Critical gaps in the paediatric evidence base and perspectives for Central Asian research are identified.
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