PREDICTION OF ANNUAL MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE FOR PORTUGAL USING THE HOLT’S LINEAR TECHNIQUE

Authors

  • Smartson. P. NYONI Independent Researcher & Medical Doctor, Harare, Zimbabwe Author
  • Thabani NYONI Independent Researcher & Health Economist, Harare, Zimbabwe Author

Keywords:

Exponential smoothing, Forecasting, Maternal Mortality Ratio.

Abstract

This study uses annual time series data on MMR for Portugal from 1985 to 2023 to predict future trends of MMR over the period 2024 to 2035. The study utilizes Holt’s double exponential smoothing model. The optimal values of smoothing constants α and β are 0.8 and 0.1 respectively based on minimum MSE. The results of the study indicate that MMR will slightly increase but still remain below 20 deaths per 100 000 live births over the out of sample period. Therefore, we encourage authorities to address local causes of maternal mortality.

References

1.American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists and the Society for Maternal–Fetal Medicine, Kilpatrick, S. K. & Ecker, J. L. Severe maternal morbidity: screening and review. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 215, B17-22 (2016).

2.Instituto Nacional de Estatística, Statistics Portugal. Mean age of mother at birth of first child (Years); Annual - Statistics Portugal, Demographic indicators. Statistics Portugal - Web Portal https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0001291&c ontexto=bd&selTab=tab2.

3.Instituto Nacional de Estatística, Statistics Portugal. Total fertility rate; Annual - Statistics Portugal, Demographic indicators. Statistics Portugal - Web Portal https://www.ine.pt/xportal/xmain?xpid=INE&xpgid=ine_indicadores&indOcorrCod=0001293&c ontexto=bd&selTab=tab2.

4.World Health Organization (2023). The Global Health Observatory: maternal mortality ratio (per 100 000 live births).

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Published

2026-04-30

Issue

Section

Articles

How to Cite

PREDICTION OF ANNUAL MATERNAL MORTALITY RATE FOR PORTUGAL USING THE HOLT’S LINEAR TECHNIQUE. (2026). Modern American Journal of Medical and Health Sciences, 2(4), 155-163. https://usajournals.org/index.php/1/article/view/2739